New World Screwworm Outbreak Expands into Northern Mexico

Feb 9, 2026, 2:25 AM

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The New World screwworm (NWS), a notorious pest that inflicts severe myiasis on livestock and humans, is making headlines as its outbreak spreads into northern Mexico. This development poses a substantial risk to public health and the economy, particularly for livestock industries in the United States.

As of January 20, 2026, more than 1,190 cases of NWS infestations have been reported in Central America and Mexico, resulting in seven fatalities among humans. In Mexico alone, there are currently 601 active cases in animals and 24 hospitalizations among people due to NWS infestations. The Mexican state of Tamaulipas, which borders Texas, reported eight active animal cases, marking an alarming shift in the outbreak's geography.

NWS occurs when flies lay eggs in wounds or body cavities, leading to larvae that consume living tissue. This pest primarily targets livestock, such as cattle and horses, but can also affect humans, especially those with open wounds or weakened immune systems. The recent outbreak has raised concerns among health officials as they work to prevent the spread of NWS into the United States.

Despite these concerns, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KHDE) have confirmed that no NWS infestations linked to this outbreak have been detected in the US as of the same date. However, the CDC issued a Health Advisory to increase awareness and provide guidelines to healthcare providers regarding the identification and management of suspected cases in travelers who may have visited affected regions.

The New World screwworm is not just a public health issue; it also threatens the agricultural economy. The US Secretary of Agriculture has emphasized that protecting the US livestock industry from NWS is a top priority. The USDA has implemented a five-pronged strategy to combat the spread of this pest, including the release of sterile flies, enhanced surveillance, and strict animal movement controls.

This outbreak has roots in previous infestations, with a significant spike in cases reported in Panama in 2023. Factors such as unregulated cattle movement and increased agricultural activities in endemic regions have contributed to the rapid spread of NWS northward into Mexico and potentially toward the US border.

In light of this crisis, the USDA is actively monitoring nearly 8,000 traps across Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico to detect any NWS flies. To date, no flies have been detected, but the agency remains vigilant and prepared for any potential outbreaks.

Health officials are urging the public to remain informed about the risks associated with NWS. Travelers to areas with reported NWS activity are advised to take precautions, such as keeping wounds clean and covered, wearing protective clothing, and using insect repellent. Immediate medical attention is crucial for anyone who suspects they may have contracted NWS, especially if they have traveled to affected regions.

As the situation evolves, collaboration between US and Mexican authorities is vital to preventing further spread. The USDA is providing support to Mexico in its efforts to monitor and control the NWS outbreak, highlighting the importance of cross-border cooperation in safeguarding public health and agricultural integrity.

In summary, the emergence of the New World screwworm in northern Mexico calls for heightened awareness and coordinated responses from health and agricultural officials. The implications for public health and the economy are significant, making it essential to monitor the situation closely and take preventive measures to protect both humans and livestock from this invasive pest.

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